Time-limited language variation means that variations in a speaker’s linguistic choices and pronunciations reflect current social and political fashions and practices. Some linguistic choices are considered to be politically incorrect.
The type-token ratio (TTR) is a measure of vocabulary variation within a written text or a person’s speech. The type-token ratios of two real world examples are calculated and interpreted. The type-token ratio is shown to be a helpful measure of lexical variety within a text. It can be used…
Vocabulary is the collection of words a person or group knows and uses. Different words are used in different modes of communication, such as speaking or writing. Slang, jargon and cant are used for different social functions. The concept of a word family is used to help calculate the size…
Word structure in English We have seen elsewhere (see Phonological Organization) that the sound system is organized at least at three levels: phonemic syllabic word Monosyllabic words As is apparent, the simplest words consist of just one syllable, i.e. they are monosyllabic. We have noted…
Good communication skills require speakers to use lexical words, function words and inserts appropriately. Communication breakdown can occur in a communication disorder known as a word-finding difficulty.
There are several ways of defining words: as they appear in writing, in dictionaries or in grammar. Typically three word groups are recognised: lexical words, function words and inserts. This article defines each group.
English in the world Where is English spoken as an official language? Look at the map below, and highlight the countries where you think English is the official language. What can you notice? What language(s) do you feel would be important to get by in?…
